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8.3
Section 8
Electrical System and Components
8
2. Keep the cables, terminals, and external surfaces
of the battery clean. A build-up of corrosive acid or
grime on the external surfaces can cause the
battery to self-discharge. Self-discharge occurs
rapidly when moisture is present.
3. Wash the cables, terminals, and external surfaces
with a mild baking soda and water solution. Rinse
thoroughly with clear water.
NOTE: Do not allow the baking soda solution to
enter the cells as this will destroy the
electrolyte.
Battery Test
To test the battery, you will need a DC voltmeter.
Perform the following steps (see Figure 8-2):
1. Connect the voltmeter across the battery
terminals.
2. Crank the engine. If the battery drops below 9
volts while cranking, the battery is too small,
discharged, or faulty.
Battery
General
A 12-volt battery with 400 cold cranking amps is
generally recommended for starting in all conditions. A
smaller capacity battery is often sufficient if an
application is started only in warmer temperatures.
Refer to the following table for minimum capacities
(cca) based on anticipated ambient temperatures. The
actual cold cranking requirement depends on engine
size, application and starting temperatures. The
cranking requirements increase as temperatures
decrease and battery capacity shrinks. Refer also to
the operating instructions of the equipment being this
engine powers for specific battery requirements.
Battery Size Recommendations
If the battery charge is insufficient to turn over the
engine, recharge the battery.
Battery Maintenance
Regular maintenance is necessary to prolong battery
life.
Figure 8-2. Battery Voltage Test.
DC Voltmeter
Battery
Temperature Battery Required
Above 32°F (0°C) 200 cca minimum
0°F to 32°F (-18°C to 0°C) 250 cca minimum
-5°F to 0°F (-21°C to -18°C) 300 cca minimum
-10°F (-23°C) or below 400 cca minimum
WARNING: Explosive Gas!
Batteries produce explosive hydrogen gas while being
charged. To prevent a fire or explosion, charge
batteries only in well ventilated areas. Keep sources of
ignition away from the battery at all times. Keep
batteries out of the reach of children. Remove all
jewelry when servicing batteries.
Before disconnecting the negative (-) ground cable,
make sure all switches are OFF. If ON, a spark will
occur at the ground cable terminal which could cause
an explosion if hydrogen gas or gasoline vapors are
present.
1. Regularly check the level of electrolyte. Add
distilled water as necessary to maintain the
recommended level.
NOTE: Do not overfill the battery. Poor
performance or early failure due to loss
of electrolyte will result.