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2) The echo stretch function magnifies not
only small target pips but also returns
from sea surface, rain and radar inter-
ference. For this reason make sure
these types of interference have been
sufficiently suppressed before activat-
ing this function.
1.23 Echo Averaging
The echo average feature effectively sup-
presses sea clutter. Echoes received from
stable targets such as ships appear on
the screen at almost the same position
every rotation of the antenna. On the other
hand, unstable echoes such as sea clut-
ter appear at random positions.
To distinguish real target echoes from sea
clutter, this radar performs scan-to-scan
correlation. Correlation is made by stor-
ing and averaging echo signals over suc-
cessive picture frames. If an echo is solid
and stable, it is presented in its normal
intensity. Sea clutter is averaged over suc-
cessive scans resulting in the reduced bril-
liance, making it easier to discriminate real
targets from sea clutter.
To properly use the echo average func-
tion, it is recommended to first suppress
sea clutter with the A/C SEA control and
then do the following:
1. Press the RADAR MENU key on the
plotting keypad to show the FUNC-
TIONS menu.
Hit [RADAR MENU].
* R-type only
1 PULSE WIDTH
2 ECHO STRETCH
3 ECHO AVERAGE
4 PANEL DIMMER
5 ECHO COLOR
6 SHIP'S SPEED
7 INDEX LINES
8 SET/DRIFT
9 BRILLIANCE
0 [SYSTEM SETTING 1]
1/2
OFF/1/2
OFF/1/2/3
OFF/DIM/M/BRT
YEL/GRN/COLOR*
LOG/NAV*/MAN
NO.2 VRM/MAN
OFF/MAN
SET 000.0
DRIFT 00.0 KT
[FUNCTIONS 1]
2. Press the [3] key to select 3 ECHO
STRETCH.
3. Press [3] until echo average option 1,
2 or OFF as desired is highlighted.
OFF: No averaging effect
1: Helps distinguish targets from
sea clutter and suppresses
brilliance of unstable echoes
2: Distinguishes small stationary
targets such as navigation
buoys.
3: Stably displays distant targets.
4. Press the ENTER key to conclude your
selection followed by the RADAR
MENU key to close the FUNCTIONS
menu.
(a) Echo average OFF (b) Echo average ON
Echo averaging uses scan-to-scan signal
correlation technique based on the true
motion over the ground of each target.
Thus, small stationary targets such as
buoys will be shown while suppressing
random echoes such as sea clutter. True
echo average is not however effective for
picking up small targets running at high
speeds over the ground.
Echo average is inoperable when a gyro-
compass signal is not available. If you
wish to use this feature without a gyro-
compass signal, consult a FURUNO rep-
resentative.
Manual speed entry is done at menu item
6 SHIP'S SPEED on the FUNCTIONS
menu which is accessed by pressing the
RADAR MENU key.
CAUTIONCAUTION
Do not use the Echo Average feature under
heavy pitching and rolling; loss of true
targets can result.