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BASIC TROUBLESHOOTING
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Definitions
Troubleshooting - The act of gathering information by preforming tests and direct observations.
Diagnosis
- Developing and testing theories of what the problem is, based on the information gathered in trouble-
shooting.
Introduction
Diagnosing an engine is an art form that is built upon several factors. First and most importantly is a good under-
standing of how the engine works. The second is skills that have been honed by experience. Finally the use of visual
observations and a structured, systematic approach to troubleshooting a problem.
The first part of this chapter will outline the steps of troubleshooting an engine so a technician can form a proper
diagnosis. The second half of this chapter will describe specific procedures and tests to perform while troubleshoot-
ing.
Steps to troubleshooting
NOTE: The steps and the order of the steps that follow are a suggested approach to troubleshooting the MTD
engine. The technician does not necessarily have to follow them as described in this chapter
Define the problem
The first step in troubleshooting is to define the problem:
• Crankshaft will not turn.
A. Hard to pull rope, steady pressure
B. Rope jerks back
C. Rope will not pull at all
• Crankshaft turns, no start
• Starts, runs poorly
A. Starts, then dies
B. Runs with low power output
C. Makes unusual smoke when running
I. Black smoke, usually heavy
II. White smoke, usually heavy
III. Blue smoke. usually light
D. Makes unusual sounds when running
I. Knock
II. Click
III. Chirp
! CAUTION! CAUTION
The first two rules in troubleshooting is to cause no further harm to the engine and prevent
injuries. Always make sure to check the oil for level and condition before starting an engine.
Also check attachments for damage and make sure they are firmly mounted.
CHAPTER 2: BASIC TROUBLESHOOTING
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